<p>Today this unholy news became popular, that an &ldquo;AI Software Engineer&rdquo; with the name Devin, made by &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://www.cognition-labs.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Cognition Labs</a>&#xA;, will be available on the market. And, of course, it provoked a strong reaction among the software professional community. Reactions ranging from cynicism to fear to disappointment abound in the comments on the related videos.</p>&#xA;<p>While we are still far from having a &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/chat-gpt-searles-chinese-room-and-consciousness/">self-aware AI</a>&#xA;, what we do have nice &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/fine-tuning-a-llm-small-practical-guide-with-resources/">fine-tuneable LLM</a>&#xA; with promising features that threaten to turn the technology industry upside down.</p>&#xA;<p>Like what features? &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://www.cognition-labs.com/blog" rel="noopener" target="_blank">According to its creators, Devin AI can</a>&#xA;:</p>&#xA;<ul>&#xA;<li>Use unfamiliar technologies</li>&#xA;<li>Create and deploy applications</li>&#xA;<li>Automatically find bugs</li>&#xA;<li>Train your own AI models</li>&#xA;<li>Contribute to mature repositories</li>&#xA;<li>Solve real projects on Upwork (much more than &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/i-test-chatgpt-with-codewars-coding-challenges/">solve interview code problems</a>&#xA;)</li>&#xA;</ul>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/so-its-time-to-panic-simpsons.webp">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/so-its-time-to-panic-simpsons.webp"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Simpsons meme asking if it&#39;s time to Panic" width="700" height="556">&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<h2 id="who-is-behind-devin-ai">Who is behind Devin AI?</h2>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8672022193">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8672022193"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1765910574/coffee-bytes/Digital-ocean-banner_tuov4m.png" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7#?" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;&#xA;  .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8672022193{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;    .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<p>Behind Devin AI is Cognition labs, a relatively new company that had been kept behind the scenes until yesterday. Their &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://twitter.com/cognition_labs" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">Twitter account</a>&#xA; is less than two days old at the time of writing (although it already accumulates over 86k followers).</p>&#xA;<h3 id="who-are-the-members-of-cognition-labs">Who are the members of Cognition labs?</h3>&#xA;<p>There are about 10 members, between them totaling more than <strong>10 gold medals at the International Computer Olympiad</strong> and whose members seem to have been involved in AI-related projects at companies like Google, DeepMind and Scale AI. So one can speak of a group with some level of experience.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/meme-creador-de-devin-linuxero.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/meme-creador-de-devin-linuxero.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Fictitious and caricatured representation of Devin AI&#39;s creators" width="700" height="394"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Fictitious and caricatured representation of Devin AI&rsquo;s creators</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<h3 id="who-is-funding-the-project">Who is funding the project?</h3>&#xA;<p>So far Cognitive Labs claims to have raised about <strong>21 MDD in a round led by Founders Fund</strong>, most notably investor Peter Thiel, former head of Paypal.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/peter-thiel-relationships.jpeg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/peter-thiel-relationships.jpeg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Peter Thiel&#39;s relationship diagram" width="700" height="562"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Source: &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://knowyourmeme.com/photos/2402121-peter-thiel" rel="noopener" target="_blank">https://knowyourmeme.com/photos/2402121-peter-thiel</a></p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-1124666671">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="1124666671"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://namecheap.pxf.io/c/4085764/890711/5618" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="//a.impactradius-go.com/display-ad/5618-890711" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://namecheap.pxf.io/i/4085764/890711/5618" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;    .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .google-ads-container-1124666671{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;        .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<h2 id="whats-going-to-happen-to-the-programmers---are-they-at-risk">What&rsquo;s going to happen to the programmers - are they at risk?</h2>&#xA;<p>Well, it is difficult to know for sure, given the lack of information. However, I propose a couple of likely scenarios:</p>&#xA;<ul>&#xA;<li>Devin AI will replace the programmers and revolutionize the industry.</li>&#xA;<li>Devin AI will not rise to the occasion and will fall into oblivion.</li>&#xA;</ul>&#xA;<h3 id="devin-ai-will-replace-the-programmers-and-take-their-jobs">Devin AI will replace the programmers and take their jobs.</h3>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-5272667386">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="5272667386"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-5272667386{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<p>Who do you think would win in a battle to produce more books, 1000 ancient Egyptian scribes or a photocopier hooked up to a computer?</p>&#xA;<p>I am of the opinion that the second option, simply the capabilities of the printer to produce pages faster, with fewer errors and in a fraction of the time, are beyond the capabilities of the scribes. While it is true that a person is required to set up and use the printer, that does not imply that scribes stand a chance. Similarly, while programmers will still be required and more jobs will be &ldquo;created&rdquo; as is usually claimed, the real question is: <strong>how many jobs will be lost for every new job that is created?</strong>.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/Devin-AI-vs-you.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/Devin-AI-vs-you.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Image of a boot crushing a human face" width="700" height="394">&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>Let&rsquo;s continue with this thought experiment, let&rsquo;s assume, for a moment, that Devin AI does exactly what he says. Since Devin AI is a tool, it still requires input from a human being to function, so the &ldquo;output&rdquo;, i.e. its performance, will depend on how good its &ldquo;input&rdquo;, i.e. the person giving it the instructions, is.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/prompt-engineer.png">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/prompt-engineer.png"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Winnie the Pohh meme" width="700" height="509">&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>This means that <strong>the profession of prompt engineer will become a reality</strong>, and with the consequence that those people with superior abstraction, writing and lexical abilities will become practically gods of this new utopia (or dystopia, depending on how you see it).</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8811585000">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8811585000"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8811585000{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<p>In addition, all those professions in charge of perfecting AI models will become professions with a very high demand, since any company that wants to compete and stay afloat will need one.</p>&#xA;<h4 id="new-opportunities-after-the-end-of-programming">New opportunities after the end of programming</h4>&#xA;<p>Getting a job if you are new in the industry will be quite complicated, but at the same time the barrier to create digital businesses will decrease and it will be more important to identify and solve problems. Becoming a solopreneur or freelancer will be incredibly easy, as the technical skills required will be significantly reduced and you may be better off aiming in that direction.</p>&#xA;<p>How likely do I see this scenario? The truth is that <strong>I consider it a pretty unlikely scenario</strong>.</p>&#xA;<h3 id="devin-ai-is-just-temporary-hype-and-will-be-forgotten-soon">Devin AI is just temporary hype and will be forgotten soon.</h3>&#xA;<p>The second possibility is that nothing happens. Yes, nothing.</p>&#xA;<p>It has happened multiple times in the past; every great forgotten idea starts with the promise of revolutionizing the world, as it happened with no-code or Dreamweaver (A WYSIWYG editor to create websites from 2007). Both were technologies that from one moment to the next threatened to change the world of technology forever, and failed to do so.</p>&#xA;<p>Remember &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://github.com/daveshap/OpenAI_Agent_Swarm" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">Agent Swarm AI</a>&#xA;? It also generated a lot of expectations but in the end it didn&rsquo;t crystallize into anything.</p>&#xA;<p>So far Copilot, ChatGPT and probably Devin AI have been nothing more than &ldquo;google searches&rdquo; on steroids, they can give you the information you request directly, but it&rsquo;s not necessarily real and fail-safe. The iterative process offered by this system improves quite a bit on the usual question-answer dynamic, but it is still immune to falling into loops due to problems it can&rsquo;t solve or producing something totally different from what you ask for, for now we need to test it a lot more.</p>&#xA;<p>In addition to the above, there is another aspect that we are missing.</p>&#xA;<h4 id="the-financial-aspect-of-artificial-intelligence">The financial aspect of artificial intelligence.</h4>&#xA;<p>Let me describe a situation:</p>&#xA;<ol>&#xA;<li>A group of entrepreneurs come up with a novel product.</li>&#xA;<li>It goes viral and everyone talks about how it will forever change our everyday life.</li>&#xA;<li>The creators receive seed capital from many, many investors.</li>&#xA;<li>It ends up becoming just another tool and everything stays the same.</li>&#xA;</ol>&#xA;<p>Does it sound like anything like that? Maybe they are just a group of people looking to become millionaires and we&rsquo;re in the middle of an &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/ai-is-overhyped-when-will-the-bubble-burst/">AI overhype and possible in a bubble about to burst</a>&#xA;.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/its-all-about-shareholders.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/its-all-about-shareholders.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Meme of omniman talking to his son about shareholders&#34;" width="700" height="653">&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>Consider that, in the world of money, appearances play a major role. Right now, only a few people who have had access to Devin AI are raving about the tool. Sounds too good, doesn&rsquo;t it? This could all be a marketing campaign to inflate expectations, attract investors and make &ldquo;easy&rdquo; money.</p>&#xA;<p>But didn&rsquo;t Peter Thiel just invest money? Yes, but that doesn&rsquo;t mean anything. If you are an investor, you don&rsquo;t care if the project exists for a month, two months, a decade or two, the only important thing is that it is profitable enough for you according to your own investment criteria. In other words: What does it matter if the project dies if I can turn 21 MDD into 40 MDD in less than a year?</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/meme-rapper-devin-access.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/devin-ai-will-this-ai-replace-programmers/images/meme-rapper-devin-access.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Meme of the rapper rejecting the first option applied to Cognition labs" width="700" height="604">&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>It strikes me that the way to request access to Devin AI is through a google form instead of using an App developed with the same model, which would be the perfect cover letter for this technology. After all, it&rsquo;s not like it&rsquo;s outside the capabilities of their model, it&rsquo;s not an application with 1000 microservices, load balancing, streaming and a recommendation engine, it&rsquo;s a plain simple and common registration form.</p>&#xA;<p>I consider this scenario more likely, but let&rsquo;s wait a year or two and see together if Devin AI lives up to its promise. My bet is that Devin won&rsquo;t replace programmers.</p>&#xA;<h2 id="a-different-approach-than-devin-ai">A different approach than Devin AI</h2>&#xA;<p>Some companies abandonned the idea of replace developers and focused on becoming tools in code creation, like &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/my-bolt-vs-lovable-vs-v0-vercel-comparison/">Bolt, Lovable o V0</a>&#xA;</p>&#xA;

Today this unholy news became popular, that an AI Software Engineer with the name Devin, made by Cognition Labs, will be available on the market. And, of course, it provoked a strong reaction among the software professional community. Reactions ranging from cynicism to fear to disappointment abound in the comments on the related videos.While we are still far from having a self-aware AI, what we do have nice fine-tuneable LLM with promising features that threaten to turn the technology industry upside down.

Devin AI Will this AI Replace Programmers?

<p>It is no secret that these days software, in general, is trending towards a SAAS business model. However if you were there when the holy scriptures of the internet were written, you will know that this trend is rather recent.</p>&#xA;<h2 id="ots-and-software-as-a-physical-product">OTS and software as a physical product</h2>&#xA;<p>When the internet first came into use, it was common practice to sell software as if it were a regular supermarket product; you made a one-time payment and the product was yours, you owned it outright and you were free to use it until the inevitable collapse of our modern society.</p>&#xA;<p>Not only that, but you physically owned it outside of computers; either in the form of CDs, floppy disks and later DVDs.</p>&#xA;<p>But was this situation a corporate decision? Well, yes and no, let me expand on this point a bit.</p>&#xA;<h3 id="the-lack-of-payment-methods-and-the-slow-internet-of-yesteryear">The lack of payment methods and the slow internet of yesteryear</h3>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8672022193">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8672022193"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1765910574/coffee-bytes/Digital-ocean-banner_tuov4m.png" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7#?" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;&#xA;  .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8672022193{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;    .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<p>Much of the commercial software was too heavy, in proportion to the size of the storage devices, to download without problems.</p>&#xA;<p>In the old days, internet connections were incredibly slow and unstable, leaving aside the strange noise that preceded every connection, old internet pirates know what I&rsquo;m talking about.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/slow-internet-connection.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/slow-internet-connection.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Windows downloading that states years of waiting time" width="650" height="360"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Windows downloading that states years of waiting time</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>As a result, many companies chose to distribute their software via CDs or other external media.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/photoshop-code-box-and-disk.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/photoshop-code-box-and-disk.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Old Adobe Photoshop installation Floppy disks" width="789" height="369"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Old Adobe Photoshop installation Floppy disks</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<h3 id="making-payments-over-the-internet-was-not-something-common">Making payments over the internet was not something common.</h3>&#xA;<p>Making payments over the internet was unusual, paypal didn&rsquo;t exist and there were no other companies offering the service, plus people were wary of the world of online transactions. I don&rsquo;t blame them, HTTPS didn&rsquo;t exist, let alone strong cryptographic standards to protect your personal data.</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-1124666671">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="1124666671"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://namecheap.pxf.io/c/4085764/890711/5618" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="//a.impactradius-go.com/display-ad/5618-890711" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://namecheap.pxf.io/i/4085764/890711/5618" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;    .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .google-ads-container-1124666671{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;        .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<h2 id="the-advent-of-saas-the-recurring-payment-model-and-saas-hell">The advent of SAAS, the recurring payment model and SAAS hell</h2>&#xA;<p>The landscape changed and the internet evolved, or maybe it&rsquo;s better to say it became corporatized.</p>&#xA;<p>Companies like Adobe grew and realized that they could save a lot of money by eliminating the logistics of distributing physical products and focusing solely on offering their content over the web.</p>&#xA;<p>Subsequently, they found that it was more lucrative to rent the software, probably because:</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-5272667386">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="5272667386"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-5272667386{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<ul>&#xA;<li>They dampened the variability of sales. They no longer had to worry about sudden changes in sales.</li>&#xA;<li>They guaranteed a steady cash flow that allowed them to better plan their costs given the stability.</li>&#xA;<li>The user was unable to use older versions of the software at zero cost.</li>&#xA;</ul>&#xA;<p>Offering SAAS allowed companies to make a product or service available to the market with a rentier business model and ensure that if customers wanted to continue using a product (or service) they would have to pay month to month or forget about using it.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/adobe-meme-saas.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/adobe-meme-saas.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Meme about Adobe and its obsession for profit" width="552" height="582"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Meme about Adobe and its obsession for profit</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>This affected mainly those people who rarely updated their software. If they wanted to use it the following month, they now had to pay.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/not-stonks.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/not-stonks.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Meme about the modification of the world stocks into stonks" width="600" height="338"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Stonks</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>At the same time, however, it allowed companies to release new versions of their software more frequently and to iterate more quickly on user feedback to improve their product, allowing them to improve their product and make it more attractive to customers.</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8811585000">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8811585000"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8811585000{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<p>That said, you might think that migrating to a SAAS model would make companies millionaires, but it didn&rsquo;t, at least not for Adobe.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/adobe-stocks.png">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/adobe-stocks.png"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Adobe made obligatory monthly payments in 2017" width="741" height="610"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Adobe made obligatory monthly payments in 2017</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>Although it is worth noting that if gross profits did not increase dramatically, his SAAS business allowed him to operate with a gross margin of 93%. Imagine, 93%, Jeff Bezos&rsquo; wettest dream!</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/adobe-revenue-pricing-2014.webp">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/adobe-revenue-pricing-2014.webp"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Source: https://tomtunguz.com/adobe-saas-growth" width="1280" height="960"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Source: &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://tomtunguz.com/adobe-saas-growth" rel="noopener" target="_blank">https://tomtunguz.com/adobe-saas-growth</a></p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>Was it a smart move? Well at least it seems so, since they have kept it up all these years, many, many companies followed the trend along with Adobe and adopted SAAS models.</p>&#xA;<h3 id="saas-hell">SAAS Hell</h3>&#xA;<p>As more companies adopted SAAS, we went from living in a world of CDs, DVDs and floppy disks to one with a long list of monthly payments for the software we use: netflix, slack, chatGPT, buffer, nuelink, X, Adobe, etc. Offering the companies some pretty convenient recurring revenue and us a list of bills to pay each month.</p>&#xA;<h2 id="eleven-and-the-return-of-ots">Eleven and the return of OTS</h2>&#xA;<p>And right in the middle of this sea of SAAS, Once appears as an island that offers refuge from the onslaught of companies that want to keep you subscribed for as long as possible.</p>&#xA;<p>Eleven is a company that plans to go against the current SAAS trend. Eleven claims that <strong>it is unfair that customers have to pay so much money without ever owning the product</strong>, similar to the landlord-tenant model, where the landlord will not own the real estate, even if he has paid more money than the real estate to the landlord.</p>&#xA;<p>In his manifesto, Eleven, with the eloquence of the best politician, promises <strong>one-time payment for his software and access to the code</strong>, waving the flag of a promising post-SAAS era.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/once-manifesto.png">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/opinion/saas-and-ots-as-software-business-models-and-my-opinion-on-once/images/once-manifesto.png"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Once Manifesto" width="1148" height="660"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Once Manifesto</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>Surprisingly, their promise is not based on empty words; they have developed an application similar to Slack, called <strong>campfire</strong>, which promises to reduce operating costs by up to 99.9% and was quite well received at X.</p>&#xA;<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">&quot;Just look at that 3-year TOC. Campfire running on Hetzner would cost you $479 for 500 users over three years ($299 + 36 * $5). Slack with the same number of seats would cost you $270,000!!! The ONCE solution is literally 99.9% cheaper. It’s crazy.&quot; <a href="https://t.co/4eZHS5Xz6s">https://t.co/4eZHS5Xz6s</a></p>&mdash; DHH (@dhh) <a href="https://twitter.com/dhh/status/1753131755346047307?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 1, 2024</a></blockquote>&#xA;<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<h2 id="some-ots-and-saas-considerations">Some OTS and SAAS considerations.</h2>&#xA;<p>What advantages do I see? Well the most obvious one, money, paying $299 USD is much better than paying a recurring subscription of $7.25/user/month for decades. The price is incredibly cheap for a company (although a bit more significant for an individual, so I&rsquo;ll be looking forward to trying it out). Add to this the obvious advantage of total control over the data, as the database will be completely in the clients&rsquo; possession and, surprisingly, access to the code, allowing them to extend it and integrate it with other systems (license permitting).</p>&#xA;<p>The disadvantages? You have to be sure that campfire will not disappear leaving you with a deprecated, unsupported product. Not to mention the increased responsibility, as you will now be responsible for keeping the application running, either directly or by hiring someone else, which depending on the number of users and workload may or may not be cost effective.</p>&#xA;<p>From Eleven&rsquo;s point of view, I would point out that it is disadvantageous to provide the source code to your customers, because you expose yourself to the development of competing products, but I&rsquo;m not saying it, some of them will be able to develop the application for you.</p>&#xA;<h2 id="references">References:</h2>&#xA;<ul>&#xA;<li>&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-adobe-shifted-subscription-model-travis-hardman" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Why Adobe Shifted to a Subscription Model</a>&#xA;</li>&#xA;<li>&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://once.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Once Manifest</a>&#xA;</li>&#xA;<li>&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://tomtunguz.com/adobe-saas-growth" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Adobe SAAS Growth</a>&#xA;</li>&#xA;</ul>&#xA;

It is no secret that these days software, in general, is trending towards a SAAS business model. However if you were there when the holy scriptures of the internet were written, you will know that this trend is rather recent.OTS and software as a physical productWhen the internet first came into use, it was common practice to sell software as if it were a regular supermarket product; you made a one-time payment and the product was yours, you owned it outright and you were free to use it until the inevitable collapse of our modern society.

SAAS and OTS as business models and my opinion on Once

The uses of artificial intelligence go beyond solving coding problems, and regardless of whether this artificial intelligence is conscious or not, it has endless applications. One of the most interesting applications for artificial intelligence is the development of new drugs. Bringing a new drug to market is an arduous, costly and, in most cases, unsuccessful process. Artificial intelligence can speed up the process enormously and narrow down the new drug candidates to a few, rather than dozens of them.

Artificial Intelligence & Drug Design for Developers

<p>Composition over inheritance is a recurring theme in object-oriented programming (OOP). Usually, it is explained in a very complex way, but today I will try to simplify so even a child can understand it, purists will hate me but I&rsquo;m willing to pay the price.</p>&#xA;<p>Let&rsquo;s start our composition over inheritance explanation. Imagine you have a giant box of LEGO bricks, yes, those little plastic blocks that cause unimaginable pain when you step on them. But, in this case, we won&rsquo;t use them to cause pain but to build different types of cars.</p>&#xA;<h2 id="composition-vs-inheritance">Composition vs inheritance</h2>&#xA;<p>To build our tiny LEGO cars, there are two ways:</p>&#xA;<ol>&#xA;<li>Inheritance: you can start with a basic car design, and then make changes to it to create different types of cars. But sometimes this turn into a complete disaster, since you can end up with some strange cars that won&rsquo;t work properly.</li>&#xA;</ol>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8672022193">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8672022193"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1765910574/coffee-bytes/Digital-ocean-banner_tuov4m.png" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7#?" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;&#xA;  .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8672022193{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;    .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1730783879/lego_inheritance_y0c6j1.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1730783879/lego_inheritance_y0c6j1.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Image of a LEGO Car in one piece" width="562" height="562"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>You start with a car and start changing parts. All rights for this image belong to LEGO</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<ol start="2">&#xA;<li>Composition: Instead of starting with a basic car and changing it, you can use smaller LEGO pieces to build the different parts of a car, such as wheels, doors, and windows. Then put those pieces together to create different types of cars. This way, you have more control and flexibility to create exactly the type of car you want without making a mess.</li>&#xA;</ol>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1730783879/lego_composition_zfpbfr.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1730783879/lego_composition_zfpbfr.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Image of different LEGO parts" width="562" height="562"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>You start with pieces and start assembling your car. All rights for this image belong to LEGO</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<h2 id="composition-over-inheritance-in-a-nutshell">Composition over inheritance in a nutshell</h2>&#xA;<p>So, in a nutshell, <strong>composition over inheritance means that it&rsquo;s often better to build things by putting smaller parts together rather than changing one big thing to make something new</strong>.</p>&#xA;<h3 id="composition-vs-inheritance-diagram">Composition vs inheritance diagram</h3>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1747115834/coffee-bytes/composition-vs-inheritance_dbdzvv.png">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1747115834/coffee-bytes/composition-vs-inheritance_dbdzvv.png"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Composition vs inheritance diagram" width="1170" height="805"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Composition vs inheritance diagram</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-1124666671">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="1124666671"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://namecheap.pxf.io/c/4085764/890711/5618" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="//a.impactradius-go.com/display-ad/5618-890711" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://namecheap.pxf.io/i/4085764/890711/5618" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;    .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .google-ads-container-1124666671{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;        .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<h3 id="composition-over-inheritance-code-example">Composition over inheritance, code example</h3>&#xA;<p>And put in an example using Python code we would get something like:</p>&#xA;<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#e2e4e5;background-color:#282a36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#78787e"># Inheritance </span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">class</span> <span style="color:#f3f99d">Car</span>:&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>    <span style="color:#ff6ac1">def</span> <span style="color:#57c7ff">start_engine</span>(<span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span>):&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        <span style="color:#ff5c57">print</span>(<span style="color:#5af78e">&#34;Starting engine&#34;</span>)&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">class</span> <span style="color:#f3f99d">SportsCar</span>(Car):&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>    <span style="color:#ff6ac1">def</span> <span style="color:#57c7ff">start_engine</span>(<span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span>):&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        <span style="color:#ff5c57">print</span>(<span style="color:#5af78e">&#34;Rrrrrrrr! Starting engine&#34;</span>)&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#78787e"># Composition </span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">class</span> <span style="color:#f3f99d">Engine</span>:&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>    <span style="color:#ff6ac1">def</span> <span style="color:#57c7ff">start</span>(<span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span>):&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        <span style="color:#ff5c57">print</span>(<span style="color:#5af78e">&#34;Starting engine&#34;</span>)&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">class</span> <span style="color:#f3f99d">Car</span>:&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>    <span style="color:#ff6ac1">def</span> <span style="color:#57c7ff">__init__</span>(<span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span>):&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        <span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">.</span>engine <span style="color:#ff6ac1">=</span> Engine()&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>    <span style="color:#ff6ac1">def</span> <span style="color:#57c7ff">start_engine</span>(<span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span>):&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        <span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">.</span>engine<span style="color:#ff6ac1">.</span>start()&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">class</span> <span style="color:#f3f99d">SportsCar</span>:&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>    <span style="color:#ff6ac1">def</span> <span style="color:#57c7ff">__init__</span>(<span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span>):&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        <span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">.</span>engine <span style="color:#ff6ac1">=</span> Engine()&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>    <span style="color:#ff6ac1">def</span> <span style="color:#57c7ff">start_engine</span>(<span style="color:#ff5c57">self</span>):&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        <span style="color:#ff5c57">print</span>(<span style="color:#5af78e">&#34;Vroooooom! Starting engine&#34;</span>)&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#78787e"># Using Composition</span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>regular_car <span style="color:#ff6ac1">=</span> Car()&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>regular_car<span style="color:#ff6ac1">.</span>start_engine()&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>fast_car <span style="color:#ff6ac1">=</span> SportsCar()&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>fast_car<span style="color:#ff6ac1">.</span>start_engine()&#xA;</span></span></code></pre></div><p>In the inheritance example, we started with a basic &ldquo;Car&rdquo; and modified it to make a &ldquo;SportsCar&rdquo;. In the compositing example, we build an &ldquo;Automobile&rdquo; and a &ldquo;SportsCar&rdquo; by combining smaller parts, such as the engine. It&rsquo;s like using LEGO pieces to build cars, and it gives us more control and flexibility when writing our programs. Once you understand the meaning of composition over inheritance it&rsquo;ll make you rethink the way you write code.</p>&#xA;

Composition over inheritance is a recurring theme in object-oriented programming (OOP). Usually, it is explained in a very complex way, but today I will try to simplify so even a child can understand it, purists will hate me but Im willing to pay the price.Lets start our composition over inheritance explanation. Imagine you have a giant box of LEGO bricks, yes, those little plastic blocks that cause unimaginable pain when you step on them. But, in this case, we wont use them to cause pain but to build different types of cars.

Composition over inheritance quickly explained with legos

<h2 id="what-is-a-deployment-pattern">What is a deployment pattern?</h2>&#xA;<p>A deployment pattern (Not to be confused with a &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/python/design-patterns-in-software/">design pattern</a>&#xA;) is an automatic method of deploying new features of an application to your users. But it doesn&rsquo;t stop there, it is possible to get extra information from a deploy of an application, but&hellip;. but how?</p>&#xA;<p>Imagine you want to test a feature of your web application, but you are afraid that it will not be liked by your users, or you want to see if this new feature increases or decreases the conversion rate of your application, which is invaluable, especially in the early stages of iteration of an application.</p>&#xA;<p>What can you do in these cases? The best thing to do would be to test it on a representative sample of your audience and, depending on how it responds, discard it or roll it out to the rest of the users.</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-1124666671">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="1124666671"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://namecheap.pxf.io/c/4085764/890711/5618" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="//a.impactradius-go.com/display-ad/5618-890711" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://namecheap.pxf.io/i/4085764/890711/5618" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;    .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .google-ads-container-1124666671{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;        .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<h2 id="common-deployment-patterns">Common deployment patterns</h2>&#xA;<p>There are a number of widely used deployment patterns:</p>&#xA;<ul>&#xA;<li>Monolithic deployment</li>&#xA;<li>Microservices deployment</li>&#xA;<li>Containerization</li>&#xA;<li>Serverless Deployment</li>&#xA;<li>Continuous Integration (CI) / Continuous Deployment (CD)</li>&#xA;<li>Canary</li>&#xA;<li>Features toggles</li>&#xA;<li>Blue/Green</li>&#xA;<li>A/B Testing</li>&#xA;<li>Dark launches</li>&#xA;</ul>&#xA;<p>For this post I am going to focus on the last patterns, since they are the ones I have read the least information about on the internet. Consider that <strong>deployment patterns can be combined with each other</strong>. For example, you can perform A/B tests on your monolithic application to find the best version. Having said that, I will explain the patterns.</p>&#xA;<h3 id="canary-deployment">Canary deployment</h3>&#xA;<p>This pattern consists of showing new features to a small group of users. After analyzing and correcting the performance of the new features and, if appropriate, the deploy is extended to all users.</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-5272667386">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="5272667386"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-5272667386{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">graph LR;&#xA;    LoadBalancer-->Ver-1;&#xA;    LoadBalancer-->Ver-2-Canary;&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <h3 id="features-toggles-deployment">Features toggles deployment</h3>&#xA;<p>Instead of releasing all changes at the same time, this pattern hides new features behind a switch, which can be turned on or off without modifying the code. This allows changes to be released gradually or only to certain users, making it easy to test and manage. This method has the advantage that if a problem occurs, you can turn the switch off without the need to return the code to a previous state.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">graph LR;&#xA;    Server-- on/off --> Feature1;&#xA;    Server-- on/off --> Feature2;&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <h3 id="bluegreen-deployment">Blue/Green deployment</h3>&#xA;<p>In the blue/green deployment we have two similar environments simultaneously. These environments will be known as blue and green. At any time only one of the two environments will be active, while load balancing from one environment to the other. If we find any errors we simply adjust the load balancing to the opposite side.</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8811585000">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8811585000"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8811585000{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="mermaid">graph LR;&#xA;    LoadBalancer-->Stagging;&#xA;    LoadBalancer-.->Production;&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <h3 id="ab-testing-deployment">A/B testing deployment</h3>&#xA;<p>A/B testing is the classic A/B testing; a random set of our users will receive version A of the application, while the rest will receive version B. We will then use statistics, specifically the two-sample t-test, to determine which version (A or B) is more effective.</p>&#xA;<p>The distribution percentage does not necessarily have to be 50-50.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">graph LR;&#xA;    LoadBalancer-->VersionA-->30["30%"]-->Analysis;&#xA;    LoadBalancer-->VersionB-->70["70%"]-->Analysis-->Statistics;&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <h3 id="dark-launches-deployment">Dark launches deployment</h3>&#xA;<p>This type of deployment pattern is quite similar to the Canary deployment, however in this case users must be aware that they are receiving a test version and must be aware of the new functionality being tested. With this knowledge the users will be able to provide feedback on the new functionality.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">graph LR;&#xA;    LoadBalancer-->Normal;&#xA;    LoadBalancer---|Inform the users|DarkLaunch;&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <p>Consider that many projects do not reach the necessary size for a deploy pattern to be useful, and that if your application has few users it may even be counterproductive. However, if this is not the case, you can use one or several of them to extract valuable information for your application.</p>&#xA;

What is a deployment pattern?A deployment pattern (Not to be confused with a design pattern) is an automatic method of deploying new features of an application to your users. But it doesnt stop there, it is possible to get extra information from a deploy of an application, but. but how?Imagine you want to test a feature of your web application, but you are afraid that it will not be liked by your users, or you want to see if this new feature increases or decreases the conversion rate of your application, which is invaluable, especially in the early stages of iteration of an application.

Common and Useful Deployment Patterns

<p>This entry is about a the Worker Pool design pattern. Imagine that you have a number of concurrent tasks that you want to perform, either crawling many websites, or perhaps processing information from each of the pixels of an image or anything else you can think of.</p>&#xA;<p>The simplistic option is to create a series of workers and use them concurrently, something like this pseudocode:</p>&#xA;<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#e2e4e5;background-color:#282a36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ff6ac1">for</span> job <span style="color:#ff6ac1">in</span> jobs:&#xA;</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>    <span style="color:#ff6ac1">async</span> process_concurrent_job()&#xA;</span></span></code></pre></div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8672022193">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8672022193"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1765910574/coffee-bytes/Digital-ocean-banner_tuov4m.png" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7#?" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;&#xA;  .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8672022193{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;    .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<p>This may look pretty good so far, at first, but it has multiple disadvantages; first, you will be creating workers without control, which can increase your program&rsquo;s memory usage incredibly fast; second, you are constantly creating and destroying workers, which can be costly for your program.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/software-architecture/worker-pool-design-pattern-explanation/images/workers-vs-memoria.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/software-architecture/worker-pool-design-pattern-explanation/images/workers-vs-memoria.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="If there is no worker limit, workers will continue to be created to match the tasks" width="605" height="340"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>If there is no worker limit, workers will continue to be created to match the tasks</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>It would be best to keep memory usage constant and avoid creating and destroying workers frequently. For this, the worker pool pattern works perfect.</p>&#xA;<h2 id="interactive-worker-pool-explanation">Interactive Worker pool explanation</h2>&#xA;<p>Worker pool is a classical &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/python/design-patterns-in-software/">design pattern</a>&#xA; that comes to make up for these shortcomings.</p>&#xA;<div id="app-worker-pool"></div>&#xA;<script type="module" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/raw/upload/v1760636200/coffee-bytes/index-CBAUHLL7_qlfk88.js"></script>&#xA;&#xA;<p>There are developers who have used this pattern to &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="http://marcio.io/2015/07/handling-1-million-requests-per-minute-with-golang" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">handle a million requests per minute on go.</a>&#xA;</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-1124666671">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="1124666671"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://namecheap.pxf.io/c/4085764/890711/5618" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="//a.impactradius-go.com/display-ad/5618-890711" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://namecheap.pxf.io/i/4085764/890711/5618" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;    .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .google-ads-container-1124666671{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;        .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<h2 id="how-does-the-worker-pool-design-pattern-work">How does the worker pool design pattern work?</h2>&#xA;<p>Let&rsquo;s take a tail of a task by running, these can be fixed or dynamically created. Then, instead of creating and destroying multiple workers (&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/go/go-introduction-to-goroutines-and-concurrency/">goroutines in the case of go</a>&#xA;) constantly, we create a <strong>fixed number of workers</strong> and put them in a cycle, in which they will be constantly listening for information from the queue (through a &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/go/go-use-of-channels-to-communicate-goroutines/">channel in the case of languages like Go</a>&#xA;). This way we will keep our memory management much more stable and predictable, in addition to limiting the impact of constant creation and destruction of workers.</p>&#xA;<p>Finally, we can optionally save the results of these tasks in a queue from which they can be read later.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">flowchart TD&#xA;    Job_1-->JobQueue&#xA;    Job_2-->JobQueue&#xA;    Job_3-->JobQueue&#xA;    subgraph WorkerPool&#xA;    JobQueue-->|job|Worker_1&#xA;    JobQueue-->|job|Worker_2&#xA;    JobQueue-->|job|Worker_n&#xA;    end&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-5272667386">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="5272667386"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-5272667386{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<h3 id="job-queue">Job queue</h3>&#xA;<p>The tasks or jobs that we want to be executed by the workers will go to a task queue or job queue. A normal queue, like any other. This can be fixed, or created on the fly by means of user interactions or other systems.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">classDiagram&#xA;class JobQueue{&#xA;    job 1&#xA;    job 2&#xA;    job 3&#xA;    ...&#xA;    job n&#xA;}&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <h3 id="the-pool">The pool</h3>&#xA;<p>The pool initializes and hosts the number of workers we set up, generally you will want to use a configuration file, environment variables or other means. Each of these workers will take a task, run it, and when it becomes available again, it will again look for a task from the job queue to run and repeat the cycle.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">flowchart TD&#xA;    subgraph Pool&#xA;    JobQueue-->|job|Worker_1&#xA;    JobQueue-->|job|Worker_2&#xA;    JobQueue-->|job|Worker_3&#xA;    JobQueue-->|job|Worker_4&#xA;    JobQueue-->|job|Worker_n&#xA;    end&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8811585000">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8811585000"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8811585000{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<h3 id="the-worker">The worker</h3>&#xA;<p>The worker is in charge of executing the tasks and, as I mentioned, it will be listening for new tasks or jobs permanently or until a certain limit that we indicate, such as the job queue runs out, a given number of tasks are executed or any other condition that we declare.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">flowchart TD&#xA;    A[The worker is initiliazed] --> B{Are pending jobs in the queue?}&#xA;    B -->|yes| C[Get a new job]&#xA;    C --> B&#xA;    B ---->|No| E[End the worker]&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <p>The fixed number of workers will ensure that, during the entire program execution, there will be a maximum number of tasks running, which will limit the memory impact of our concurrent tasks.</p>&#xA;<h3 id="the-worker-pools-results-queue-optional">The worker pool&rsquo;s results queue (optional)</h3>&#xA;<p>Optionally, we can send the result of each task executed by a worker to a second queue; the result queue, which we can process later.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">classDiagram&#xA;class ResultsQueue{&#xA;    result 1&#xA;    result 2&#xA;    result 3&#xA;    ...&#xA;    result n&#xA;}&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <p>This design pattern is very useful when huge amounts of tasks have to be processed and when we do not want to overload the system. And, as you can guess it is quite popular and useful in programming languages that heavily use concurrency, such as &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/go/go-programming-language-introduction-to-variables-and-data-types/">the Go programming language</a>&#xA;.</p>&#xA;

This entry is about a the Worker Pool design pattern. Imagine that you have a number of concurrent tasks that you want to perform, either crawling many websites, or perhaps processing information from each of the pixels of an image or anything else you can think of.The simplistic option is to create a series of workers and use them concurrently, something like this pseudocode:for job in jobs:    async process_concurrent_job()          (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});          .nc {    margin: 2rem 0;  }  .banner{    width: 728px;    height: 90px;  }  .google-ads-container-8672022193{    background-color: transparent;    width: 100%;    height: 90px;  }  @media (max-width: 720px) {    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {      height: 280px;      width: 480px;    }    .banner{      width: 273px;      height: 34px;    }  }    @media (max-width: 480px) {    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {      height: 280px;      width: 300px;    }  }This may look pretty good so far, at first, but it has multiple disadvantages; first, you will be creating workers without control, which can increase your programs memory usage incredibly fast; second, you are constantly creating and destroying workers, which can be costly for your program.

Worker Pool Design Pattern Explanation

<p>Chat GPT is on everyone&rsquo;s lips, some are afraid of it, because of its &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/i-test-chatgpt-with-codewars-coding-challenges/">ability to solve code problems</a>&#xA; others are excited about its potential to change the world of work. Today I leave aside the economic consequences of AI and the question about whether &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/ai-is-overhyped-when-will-the-bubble-burst/">we&rsquo;re in an overhyped AI bubble or not</a>&#xA;, to focus on the philosophical aspect of Chat GPT and reflect a bit on the question: does Chat GPT really understand language, is Chat GPT conscious?</p>&#xA;<blockquote>&#xA;<p>What a typical “learning machine” does, is finding a mathematical formula, which, when applied to a collection of inputs (called “training data”), produces the desired outputs. Adriy Burkov</p></blockquote>&#xA;<h2 id="john-searles-the-chinese-room">John Searle&rsquo;s The Chinese Room</h2>&#xA;<p>John Searle, was a scientist who wondered whether a computer can really understand language. And for this he designed a riveting thought experiment:</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/chat-gpt-searles-chinese-room-and-consciousness/images/la-habitacion-china-de-searle.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/chat-gpt-searles-chinese-room-and-consciousness/images/la-habitacion-china-de-searle.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Image of Searle&#39;s Chinese Room generated with Dall-E" width="1024" height="1024"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Image of Searle&rsquo;s Chinese Room generated with Dall-E</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>A human, inside a room completely isolated from the outside world, with a set of instructions to process Chinese kanjis and return a response.</p>&#xA;<p>It should be noted that the person inside the room does not know the Chinese and simply follows the set of instructions given to him, i.e., he <strong>does not understand the text coming in, nor the text going out</strong>.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">graph TD;&#xA;    沙悟淨-->Room;&#xA;    Room-->西遊記;&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8672022193">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8672022193"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dwrscezd2/image/upload/v1765910574/coffee-bytes/Digital-ocean-banner_tuov4m.png" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://m.do.co/c/a22240ebb8e7#?" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;&#xA;  .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8672022193{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;    .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<p>Can you notice the similarities with a computer? They are quite obvious; there is an input, an output and a black box or computer program, the details of which would escape those outside this simplified little system.</p>&#xA;<div class="mermaid">graph TD;&#xA;    Input-->Program;&#xA;    Program-->output;&#xA;</div>&#xA;  &#xA;  &#xA;  <p>According to Searle, to the people outside the room, whatever is inside the room seems to understand Chinese perfectly. However, we know that the person inside is just following a set of instructions, as complex as we like, but which <strong>does not involve an understanding of language</strong>, but a mechanical process. According to Searle, this situation is analogous to the operation of a computer.</p>&#xA;<h3 id="is-chatgpt-conscious">Is ChatGPT conscious?</h3>&#xA;<p>Extrapolating the above to ChatGPT; although a language model may produce responses that appear coherent and relevant, there is no evidence that it actually understands the language or is aware of its meaning.</p>&#xA;<p>To Searle, ChatGPT (or any other Large Language Model LLM, Like Mistral, DeepSeek, etc.) may be following the most complex algorithm in existence but, according to Searle, <strong>there is no more awareness of the process there than we would find in the most sophisticated mechanical clock.</strong></p>&#xA;<p>But then what makes the difference between a real intelligence and a mechanical process? is there such a difference?</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-1124666671">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="1124666671"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="nc">&#xA;  <a rel="sponsored nofollow"href="https://namecheap.pxf.io/c/4085764/890711/5618" target="_top" id="890711">&#xA;  <img src="//a.impactradius-go.com/display-ad/5618-890711" border="0" alt="" class="banner"/></a>&#xA;  <img height="0" width="0" src="https://namecheap.pxf.io/i/4085764/890711/5618" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;" border="0" />&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;    .nc {&#xA;    margin: 2rem 0;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .banner{&#xA;    width: 728px;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  .google-ads-container-1124666671{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;        .banner{&#xA;      width: 273px;&#xA;      height: 34px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-1124666671 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<h2 id="are-consciousness-and-artificial-intelligence-related">Are consciousness and artificial intelligence related?</h2>&#xA;<p>The highest representative of intelligence on earth is the human being (or at least our inflated ego tells us that), and it also happens that the human being is a living entity with consciousness. This leads us to the inevitable question: is a living being with consciousness necessary to have intelligence, or perhaps it is the other way around?</p>&#xA;<h3 id="signs-of-intelligence-with-consciousness">Signs of Intelligence with consciousness</h3>&#xA;<p>Some argue that consciousness and intelligence are related and that we would even have &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="http://writing.rochester.edu/celebrating/2017/NAShonorable.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">a gradient of consciousness as we advance in the complexity and intelligence of organisms</a>&#xA;.</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-5272667386">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="5272667386"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-5272667386{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-5272667386 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;<p>Penrose states that not only consciousness and intelligence are related but that &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9484gNpFF8" rel="noopener" target="_blank">intelligence is an exclusive trait of conscious beings.</a>&#xA;.</p>&#xA;<p>They give the label &ldquo;conscious&rdquo; to higher animals such as dolphins, orangutans, crows and other organisms that show traits of intelligence.</p>&#xA;<p>While others go further by saying that a system becomes more conscious the more intelligent it becomes, perhaps we could consider the example of &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-61787944" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Blake Lemoine, who claimed that Google&rsquo;s artificial intelligence model had become conscious</a>&#xA;, or Giulio Tononi&rsquo;s integrated information theory, which proposes that consciousness is generated when a system is able to incorporate information and unify it, and that this level of consciousness (called Φ) can be calculated for any system.</p>&#xA;<h4 id="the-problem-of-determining-whether-something-is-conscious-or-not">The problem of determining whether something is conscious or not</h4>&#xA;<p>We also face the problem that consciousness can only be experienced by the conscious entity, there is no experiment that allows us to say for certain whether an entity is conscious or not. Without falling into an absolutist solipsism, <strong>we consider that the rest of human beings are conscious only because we know that we are conscious</strong>, not because we have irrefutable proof of it.</p>&#xA;<p>As Ludwig Wittgenstein stated in his book Philosophical Investigations:</p>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<div class="google-ads-container-8811585000">&#xA;  <ins class="adsbygoogle"&#xA;      style="display:block; text-align:center;"&#xA;      data-ad-layout="in-article"&#xA;      data-ad-format="fluid"&#xA;      data-ad-client="ca-pub-4250730649804995"&#xA;      data-ad-slot="8811585000"></ins>&#xA;  <script>&#xA;      (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});&#xA;  </script>&#xA;</div>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<style>&#xA;  .google-ads-container-8811585000{&#xA;    background-color: transparent;&#xA;    width: 100%;&#xA;    height: 90px;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @media (max-width: 720px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 480px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;    @media (max-width: 480px) {&#xA;    .google-ads-container-8811585000 {&#xA;      height: 280px;&#xA;      width: 300px;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;</style>&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;<blockquote>&#xA;<p>Imagine that at birth you are given a box with a beetle in it. It is a very valuable and extremely personal object, so much so that no one can see inside the box except oneself. Thus, there is no objective way to confirm that all boxes contain the same thing. In the best of cases they could contain a real beetle, but nothing guarantees one hundred percent that instead of the beetle there are not other insects, such as an ant or a spider, or that there is nothing at all, but whatever it is, it will always be considered under the term “beetle”.</p></blockquote>&#xA;<p>As long as we do not understand what consciousness is exactly, we cannot know that we have to “measure” to know if another entity is conscious, as long as it makes sense to talk about “measuring” when we talk about consciousness.</p>&#xA;<h3 id="signs-of-intelligence-without-consciousness">Signs of Intelligence without consciousness</h3>&#xA;<p>Likewise, there are positions that defend that intelligence does not necessarily depend on consciousness, but that it can exist in systems that do not have subjective experience. For example, it is sufficient to cite Alpha Go and other computer programs that are capable of responding to complex stimuli, without existing beyond the game for which they were programmed, or &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/111/1/e17/28494/Sleepwalking-and-Sleep-Terrors-in-Prepubertal?redirectedFrom=fulltext" rel="noopener" target="_blank">sleepwalkers, who can show signs of intelligence even when they are not conscious</a>&#xA;.</p>&#xA;<p>Reinforcing the latter argument, Sir Roger Penrose claim in his book, &ldquo;&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://amzn.to/3XmesG6" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">Emperor&rsquo;s new mind</a>&#xA;&rdquo;, that consciousness is not computable, and therefore we will never get to the point of creating an Artificial Consciousness nor AGI using algorithms, nor it will emerge naturally from computational complexity, regardless of the complexity of our &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/fine-tuning-a-llm-small-practical-guide-with-resources/">LLM(Large Language Models) fine-tuning methods.</a>&#xA;</p>&#xA;<p>But even if human beings have unconscious processes capable of existing without the manifestation of consciousness&hellip; there must be something more than simple mechanical action, after all animals are much more complex than machines aren&rsquo;t they?</p>&#xA;<h2 id="biological-automatons">Biological automatons</h2>&#xA;<p>Sometimes we believe that only machines have a mechanical behavior and that any living being would be able to respond in a very different way than a machine would, with more versatility and adapting to changes, but is this always the case?</p>&#xA;<p>In the book &ldquo;&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://amzn.to/4boOnfd" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid</a>&#xA;&rdquo; by Douglas R. Hofstader. The author cites an &#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://jhjeong.mindconnect.cc/Texts/sphex.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">experiment in which a sphex wasp is tricked into bringing a cricket within the confines of a burrow up to 40 times</a>&#xA;. Just as if it were a computer program, this wasp gets stuck in an infinite loop from which it cannot escape, how different is this from a computer program that, after the same input, generates the same output?</p>&#xA;<p>As Hofstader rightly speculates, a human would have “stepped out” of the loop to stop for a few moments and investigate what was happening.</p>&#xA;<a hx-boost="false" href="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/chat-gpt-searles-chinese-room-and-consciousness/images/avisa-sphex.jpg">&#xA;<figure class="md-local-image"><img src="https://coffeebytes.dev/en/artificial-intelligence/chat-gpt-searles-chinese-room-and-consciousness/images/avisa-sphex.jpg"&#xA;    loading="lazy"&#xA;    alt="Sphex wasp from the experiment mentioned in the book Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid" width="640" height="480"><figcaption>&#xA;      <p>Sphex wasp from the experiment mentioned in the book Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid</p>&#xA;    </figcaption>&#xA;</figure>&#xA;</a>&#xA;<p>This experiment made me question whether some living beings are nothing more than biological automatons and also where is the turning point at which a living being ceases to be an automaton and becomes conscious, are there gradients of consciousness? And, if so, what does consciousness look like beyond what we humans experience? If consciousness exists as a macroscopic manifestation, is it deterministic, or does it belong to the quantum world of indeterminacy? I don&rsquo;t know and I don&rsquo;t think the truth has yet to pick a winner.</p>&#xA;<h2 id="what-to-read-or-watch-to-learn-more-about-artificial-intelligence-and-consciousness">What to read or watch to learn more about artificial intelligence and consciousness?</h2>&#xA;<p>Consciousness is a complex subject that cannot be addressed in a few lines, not for nothing is it known as the &ldquo;hard problem&rdquo;, but if these brushstrokes left you wanting more, I leave you with my list of favorite resources to delve into this complex subject.</p>&#xA;<ul>&#xA;<li>&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://amzn.to/4boOnfd" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid by Douglas R. Hofstader</a>&#xA;: the author delves into the subject of self-reference and develops the question: can a system understand itself?</li>&#xA;<li>&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://amzn.to/3XmesG6" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">The Emperor&rsquo;s New Mind by Sir Roger Penrose</a>&#xA;: the author sets the context of the laws of the universe and analyzes whether consciousness and intelligence are related and whether they have a deterministic or non-deterministic character.</li>&#xA;<li>&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://infinite.mit.edu/video/brains-minds-and-machines-consciousness-and-intelligence" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brains, Minds, and Machines: Consciousness and Intelligence</a>&#xA;: MIT talk, where the topics of brains, consciousness, intelligence and machines are developed. Radically underrated; 7000 views on youtube alone? really?</li>&#xA;<li>&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mC_KQC1gtWQ" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Can a program be alive?</a>&#xA; small video essay where one of my favorite youtubers develops the issue of whether a computer program can be alive.</li>&#xA;<li>&#xA;&#xA;<a class="markdown-link" href="http://writing.rochester.edu/celebrating/2017/NAShonorable.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">The connection between intelligence and conciousness</a>&#xA;</li>&#xA;</ul>&#xA;

Chat GPT is on everyones lips, some are afraid of it, because of its ability to solve code problems others are excited about its potential to change the world of work. Today I leave aside the economic consequences of AI and the question about whether were in an overhyped AI bubble or not, to focus on the philosophical aspect of Chat GPT and reflect a bit on the question: does Chat GPT really understand language, is Chat GPT conscious?

Chat Gpt, Searle's Chinese Room and consciousness

The reflect package is a useful library in the Go programming language that provides functions for working with reflection.            Hey! did you know that I wrote a completely Free Go programming language tutorial?, click here to read it itWhat is reflection in programming?Reflection is the ability of a program to inspect its own structure at runtime. This includes the ability to examine: types, values and metadata of objects in memory. Reflection allows us to have more flexible and generic code and allows us to create functions and data structures that can work with any type of object, regardless of its type. It is also the basis for metaprogramming.

Go with Reflect: Boost Your Code's Flexibility

Almost all modern web applications perform some form of streaming, from video platforms to live streaming. In this post I explain how streaming works with HLS in such a simplified way that it will bring out your inner purist.I leave you a minimal example of streaming in Go here in my github repository, in case you want to see the code.          (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});          .nc {    margin: 2rem 0;  }  .banner{    width: 728px;    height: 90px;  }  .google-ads-container-8672022193{    background-color: transparent;    width: 100%;    height: 90px;  }  @media (max-width: 720px) {    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {      height: 280px;      width: 480px;    }    .banner{      width: 273px;      height: 34px;    }  }    @media (max-width: 480px) {    .google-ads-container-8672022193 {      height: 280px;      width: 300px;    }  }Introduction to streamingVideos and audios contain a lot of encoded information, so their handling and downloading strongly impacts the bandwidth and usage of any server.

Stream your videos and audios: HLS for your applications

Protobuffers allow you to create a Go Lang gRPC API that has the characteristic of being incredibly faster, because it uses binary instead of other less optimized formats (such as JSON), in this post you will learn what this type of API is and why it is so fast.In my post about the basic characteristics of a REST API I mentioned to you that, besides REST, there were other types of APIS, one of them is gRPC, which is derived from RPC, so lets start the post talking about the latter.

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